The nutritional and physiological effect of fats, their influences on sports nutrition

Abstract

Fats are providing energy and they also participate in several fundamental physiological mechanisms In our summary the dietary fats are grouped according to the double bonds they contain. Duble bonding isn’t found in saturated fatty acids (SFA), the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are containg one, the polyunsaturated acids(PUFA) two or more duble bondigs. According to the recommendations, it is practical to cover the energy deriving from fats by using 1/3 proportion from SFA, 1/3 from MUFA and 1/3 from PUFA, but the reduction of saturated acids intake is suggested, as possible. The omega-3 fatty acids are able to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the triglyceride level in blood, the plaque formation and blood-pressure, furthermore they have positive effect on sport performance. The fat intake recommendations fot athlets regarding the percentage of energy demand correspond to the guidelines made for non-athletes. The excessive reduction of fat intake also often happens to athletes for weight loss or body composition enhancement; however, permanently keeping the fat income under 20 energy% can lead to the deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids. Ketogenic diet means high fat, moderate protein and very low carbohydrate intake. [...]